THE energy system is at a pivotal crossroads. On one hand, renewable energy (RE) offers an array of benefits: it has the potential to dramatically cut greenhouse gas emissions; expand access to affordable, clean energy for all; create jobs; and help economies and societies thrive in the long term.

Yet, the rapid scaling of RE, if not managed properly, risks exacerbating environmental degradation and perpetuating social inequities and human rights abuses, either directly or through its supply chain. The emerging energy system could thus replicate the negative impacts of its incumbent.

In tandem, the concept of a “just transition” is gaining traction, with governments, businesses and civil society alike waking up to the risk – and growing reality – of people and communities being left behind in a changing world.